Woofun AI reports that Cardano activated the van Rossem hard fork on Saturday, upgrading the mainnet from Protocol Version 10 in epoch 643 to Version 11 in epoch 644. Input Output stated this update includes Plutus improvements and cost model enhancements, laying the foundation for the Dijkstra era hard fork. The van Rossem upgrade marks the first governance-driven hard fork in Cardano’s history, distinct from previous upgrades coordinated by Input Output. Ouroboros Leios, a scalability proposal for the Ouroboros proof-of-stake consensus expected in late 2026, aims to increase transactions per second while maintaining security guarantees.